Sodium citrate as an additive for blood collection tubes

Sodium citrate, also known as sodium citrate, is a common anticoagulant in vacuum blood collection tubes. It appears as a white crystalline powder and its anticoagulant principle is that the citrate ions in sodium citrate chelate with the calcium ions in the blood sample, thereby affecting the coagulation effect of calcium ions on the blood.

There are two types of vacuum blood collection tubes with sodium citrate added as an anticoagulant. One is a blue capped vacuum blood collection tube used for blood coagulation measurement, with a sodium citrate concentration of 3.2% or 3.8%, or 0.109mol/L or 0.129mol/L. When using this vacuum blood collection tube, the ratio of sodium citrate to blood sample is 1:9.

Another type is a brown capped vacuum blood collection tube used for measuring erythrocyte sedimentation rate, with a concentration of 3.2% sodium citrate added, equivalent to 0.109mol/L. This blood collection tube requires a ratio of sodium citrate to blood of 1:4. Both types of vacuum blood collection tubes require a blood sample volume of 2 milliliters during use.

When using a vacuum blood collection tube with sodium citrate added, it is necessary to gently invert the blood sample and anticoagulant evenly after obtaining the blood sample to avoid blood clotting. If it is a erythrocyte sedimentation rate test, it can be directly performed on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate rack. If it is a coagulation test, the upper layer of plasma needs to be obtained by centrifugation for testing.

However, due to the strong alkalinity of sodium citrate and its weak anticoagulant effect, its range of use is very limited. By utilizing the characteristic of citrate ions forming soluble complexes with calcium ions, it is usually used as an anticoagulant or transfusion agent, and has a good effect on the preservation and processing of blood products.

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