Tumor Marker

A ca tumour marker is a chemical substance that reflects the presence of a Tumor. It is present in malignant tumour cells, not in normal adult tissues, and substances abnormally produced by malignant tumour cells or by the host's response to tumour stimulation created it.

Their presence or quantitative changes can indicate the nature of the tumour to understand the histogenesis, cell differentiation, and cell function of the tumour.

Detection of tumour markers has the following functions:

Early detection of tumour;

Tumour census and screening;

Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and staging of tumours;

Monitoring the efficacy of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for tumour patients;

Indicators of tumour recurrence;

Prognosis of tumour;

Looking for the primary foci of metastases of unknown origin.

Types Of Tumor Marker

CA50

Name

Mouse anti-human CA50 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA50 mAb

CA125

Name

Mouse anti-human CA125 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA125 mAb

CA242

Name

Mouse anti-human CA242 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA242 mAb

CA15-3

Name

Mouse anti-human CA15-3 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA15-3 mAb

CA19-9

Name

Mouse anti-human CA19-9 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA19-9 mAb

CA72-4

Name

Mouse anti-human CA72-4 mAb

Humanized anti-human CA72-4 mAb

Pepsinogens I (PGI)

Name

PGI antigen

Anti-human PGI monoclonal antibody

Human Epididymis 4 (HE4)

Name

Recombinant human HE4 protein (Prokaryotic HE4 full-length protein)

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)

Name

Mouse anti-human PSA mAb

Humanized anti-human PSA mAb

Mouse anti-human free PSA mAb

Prostate-Specific Antigen (Eukaryotic expression)

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

Name

Mouse anti-human SCC mAb

Humanized anti-human SCC mAb

Prokaryotic expression antigen (full length)

Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE)

Name

Mouse anti-human NSE mAb

Recombinant human neuron-specific enolase (Prokaryotic NSE protein full length)

Cytokeratin 19 Fragment (CYFRA21-1)

Name

Mouse anti-human CYFRA21-1 mAb

Humanized anti-human CYFRA21-1 mAb

Human Progastrin-releasing Peptide (ProGRP)

Name

Mouse anti-human ProGRP mAb

Humanized anti-human ProGRP mAb

Recombinant human proGRP 31-98 fragment (Prokaryotic expression)

Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II (PIVKA II)

Name

Mouse anti-human PIVKA-II mAb

Humanized anti-human PIVKA-II mAb

Human PIVKA II protein prokaryotic expression (N-terminal fragment)

Tumor Antigens

Tumor antigens generally refer to new or overexpressed antigenic substances during the occurrence and development of tumors.

The possible mechanisms for the body to produce tumor antigens are: 1) gene mutation; 2) the activation of genes that were not expressed initially during the process of cell carcinogenesis; 3) abnormalities in some aspects of the antigen synthesis process (such as abnormal glycosylation leading to the production of unique protein degradation products) ); abnormal and ectopic expression of antigens or differentiation antigens during embryonic stage; ⑤ overexpression of specific gene products, significantly signal transduction molecules; ⑥ expression of exogenous genes (such as viral genes).

Cancer Antigen

According to the specificity of cancer antigens, cancer antigens are divided into (1) Tumor-specific antigens (2) Tumor-associated antigens.

Tumor-specific antigen (TSA) is a neoantigen-specific to tumor cells or exists only in specific but not in normal cells.

Tumor-associated antigen (TAA) refers to antigens peculiar to non-tumor cells and exist in normal cells and other tissues. Still, their content is significantly increased when cells become cancerous.

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