Zinc Oxide Desulfurization Sorbent

[2]     Tumbling, collision and violent vibration should be avoided during transportation to prevent breakage of the sorbent.

[1]     The sorbent product is packed in air-tight plastic or iron barrels with plastic lining to prevent moisture and chemical attack.

  The unloaded sorbent shall be stored in separate layers. Analyze the samples taken from each layer to determine status and service life of the sorbent.

  Observe the same procedure as shown above except that pressure and temperature should be lowered at 0.5MPa/10min and 50/h, respectively.

[3]    Equipment maintenance (overhaul)

Lower the temperature and pressure with feed gas (oil) or nitrogen (or hydrogen-nitrogen gas, purge gas) to ambient condition. Then isolate the desulfurization reactor from the production system. Replace the reactor with air until oxygen concentration of 20 is attained and no temperature rise is observed. Open the reactor and unload the sorbent.

[2 ]  Change-over of desulfurization sorbent

Cut feed gas (oil) supply. Close inlet and outlet valves. Keep the temperature and pressure. When leakage happens, use nitrogen or hydrogen-nitrogen gas to maintain the pressure to prevent negative pressure.

[1]    Emergent shut-down

[7]      Elevating the temperature steadily within operation temperature range may increase sulfur absorption capacity of the sorbent.

[6]      If pressure elevation is done prior to pre-heating, careful control is needed in accordance to the procedure above. Rapid temperature rise may cause stress and result in pulverization of the sorbent.

[5]      After pre-heating and pressure elevation, the system should be operated at half load to regulate temperature, pressure and flowrate. Then raise the load steadily when operation becomes stable till full-scale operation.

[4]      Elevate the pressure at 0.5MPa/10 min during the thermostatic steps until the operation pressure is attained.

[3]      Heating speed: 3050/h from room temperature to 120, 120 for 2 h,  50/h over 120 until required temperature is attained. Keep at the temperature for 4h.

[2]      Preheat the feed stream with nitrogen, purge gas or synthesis gas under ambient or elevated pressure;

[1]      Replace the system by nitrogen or other inert gases until oxygen concentration in the gas is less than 0.5%;

[6]      A stainless net and a 50mm layer of refractory spheres should be installed at the top of the sorbent bed so as to prevent entrainment of the sorbent and ensure even distribution of the gas stream.

[5]      Inspect uniformity of the bed during loading. When inner-reactor operation is needed, A wood plate should be put on the sorbent for the operator to stand upon.

around the inner wall;

[4]      Use special tool to ensure evenly distribution of the sorbent both in the center and 

[3]      Load a layer of refractory spheres at both top and bottom of the sorbent bed. The refractory is separated from the sorbent by stainless nets with mesh size smaller than the sorbent;

[2]      Screen the sorbent to remove dust;

[1]      Clean the reactor before loading;

Loading procedure:

  Loading depth: recommended loading depth/ reactor diameter ratio is  3, so as to ensure enough residence time of the gases in the bed. Configuration of two reactors in series can improve utilization efficiency of the sorbent.

5. Loading

Sulfur in treated stream:ppm   0.1

                           16liquid

Space velocity:h¹ 10003000gas

Steam/feed gas:11.5 or dry gas

Temperature:  200400

Pressure: MPa  ambient to 4

Feedstock: light oil , residue cracking gas, natural gas, synthesis gas, coal gas and shifted gas, with recommended hydrogen sulfide concentration of less than 250 ppm.

Theoretical working sulfur capacity:37.4

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