Bronze Hollow Bar

About Bronze:Bronze refers to a broad range of copper alloys, usually with tin as the main additive, but sometimes with other elements such as phosphorus, manganese, aluminum, or silicon. (See table below.) It is strong and tough, and has myriad uses in industry. It was particularly significant in antiquity, giving its name to the Bronze Age.PropertiesWhen steel is excluded from the discussion, bronze is superior to iron in nearly every application. Although bronze develops a patina, it does not oxidize beyond the surface. It is considerably less brittle than iron and has a lower casting temperature.Copper-based alloys have lower melting points than steel and are more readily produced from their constituent metals. They are generally about 10 percent heavier than steel, although alloys using aluminium or silicon may be slightly less dense. Bronzes are softer and weaker than steel, Bronze springs are less stiff (and so store less energy) for the same bulk. It resists corrosion (especially seawater corrosion) and metal fatigue better than steel and also conducts heat and electricity better than most steels. The cost of copper-base alloys is generally higher than that of steels but lower than that of nickel-base alloys.Copper and its alloys have a huge variety of uses that reflect their versatile physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. Some common examples are the high electrical conductivity of pure copper, the excellent deep-drawing qualities of cartridge case brass, the low-friction properties of bearing bronze, the resonant qualities of bell bronze, and the resistance to corrosion by sea water of several bronze alloys.In the twentieth century, silicon was introduced as the primary alloying element, creating an alloy with wide application in industry and the major form used in contemporary statuary. Aluminium is also used for the structural metal Aluminium bronze.Bronze is the most popular metal for top-quality bells and cymbals, and more recently, saxophones. It is also widely used for cast metal sculpture (see bronze sculpture). Common bronze alloys often have the unusual and very desirable property of expanding slightly just before they set, thus filling in the finest details of a mould.Bronze also has very little metal-on-metal friction, which made it invaluable for the building of cannons where iron cannonballs would otherwise stick in the barrel. It is still widely used today for springs, bearings, bushings and similar fittings, and is particularly common in the bearings of small electric motors. Phosphor bronze is particularly suited to precision-grade bearings and springs.Bronze is typically 60% copper and 40% tin. Alpha bronze consists of the alpha solid solution of tin in copper. Alpha bronze alloys of 4-5% tin are used to make coins, springs, turbines and blades.Commercial bronze (otherwise known as brass) is 90% copper and 10% zinc, and contains no tin. It is stronger than copper and it has equivalent ductility. It is used for screws and wires.Classification of copper and its alloysClassification of Copper and Its Alloys - Wrought / Extruded Family Principal alloying element UNS numbers Copper alloys, Brass Zinc (zn) C1xxxxC4xxxx,C66400C69800 Phosphor bronzes Tin (Sn) C5xxxx Aluminium bronzes Aluminium (Al) C60600C64200 Silicon bronzes Silicon (Si) C64700C66100 Copper nickel, Nickel silvers Nickel (Ni) C7xxxx Phosphorus Bronze Rods MATERIAL DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATION % CHEMICAL COMPOSITION BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION (BSS) INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATION(ISS) CU SN P PB ZN FE OTHERS NI P. BRONZE 95/5 BS 2874 PB - 102 IS-7811 REM 4.2%-5.5% 0.02-0.40 0.02MAX 0,03MAX 0.10MAX O.5%MAX P. BRONZE BS 2870/2875 PB-103 REM 6-7.5 0.02-0.40 0.02MAX - - T.IMP.0.20 MAX. P. BRONZE BS 2874 PB-104 REM 7.2-9 0.02-0.40 0.02MAX O.O3MAX. T.IMP.0.03%MAX. P. BRONZE CuSn10P 90/10 BS 1400/1961 PB1 28Sn9 REM 10%MIN. 0.5MIN. 0.25MIN. 0.05%MAX 0.3%MAXINCL. PB P. BRONZE CuSn11P 88/12 BS 1400/1961 PB2 REM 11-13 0.15MIN. 0.5MAX 0.3MAX 0.2%MAX O.5%MAX. We also trade in 1.) Tin Bronze 2.) Silicon Bronze 3.) Mangnese Bronze GUN METAL ALLOY SPECIFICATION % CHEMICAL COMPOSITION PHYSICAL PROPERTIES SN ZN PB NI OTHERS CU GUN METAL83/3/9/5CU SN ZN PB BS 1400/1961 LG-1 2-4 7-10 3-6 1%MAX. 1%MAX. REM TENSILE STRENGTH 11 TONS/SQ. IN. ELONGATION 12% GUN METAL85/5/5/5 BS 1400/1961 LG-2 4-6 4-6 4-6 2%MAX. 0.5MAX. REM TENSILE STRENGTH 13 TONS/SQ. IN. ELONGATION 15% GUN METAL88/10/2 BS 1400/1961 G-1 9.5-10.5 1.5-2.5 1.5MAX 1%MAX. 0.2MAX. REM

Copper-based alloys have lower melting points than steel and are more readily produced from their constituent metals.