1 cm accuracy Surveying Engineering and GPS receivers

GPS receivers shall be of geodetic quality and be dual frequency. The logging interval for GPS observations shall be 15 seconds. GDOP must be less than 5 within entire 1 hour survey period, and more than 6 satellites are observed simultaneously.

Potential multipath sources and sources of radio-electrical interference should be documented on the Field Notes of the affected station.

The work described in this specification is of high accuracy. Methods must be adopted to reduce the effect of multipath. Choke ring or similar type antennas are the minimum standard permitted for this work. The use of ground-plane type antennas, or reliance on receiver-hardware based mitigation techniques is not sufficient for this specification. Antennas are to be of an identical type at all stations in an occupation. Any unavoidable potential sources of multipath within 50m of the instrument must be documented. Such methods may include ensuring that vehicles are not parked within 20m (preferably 50m) of the mark. There is some evidence that very low set-ups (less than 0.25m above the ground) cause systematic errors due to multipath. To reduce such errors antennas should be set up higher than 0.3m.

GPS Surveys

Receiver Type
L1 frequency, C/A Code, 16-Channels
Input Voltage
7~40V

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