oxalic acid

Preparation or source
Oxalic acid all over in nature, often in the form of oxalate found in plants such as barberry, sheep hoof grass, wood sorrel and sorrel grass of the cell membrane, almost all of the plants contain calcium oxalate. Oxalic acid in plants, especially herbaceous plants usually have the ingredients, and many more potassium or calcium salt form. Begonia, banana in the free acid form.
Oxalic acid industrial production methods are: sodium formate method, oxidation, carbonyl synthesis, oxidation of ethylene glycol, propylene oxidation, carbon monoxide coupling method.
1. Sodium purification method of carbon monoxide under pressure after the reaction with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium formate, and then generate the high temperature dehydrogenation of sodium oxalate, sodium oxalate and then by lead-based (or calcification), acidification, crystallization and dehydration and drying process, oxalic acid to be finished. Synthesis of the pressure of carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide is generally 1.8-2.0MPa. Dehydrogenation temperature is 400 .
2. Oxidation of starch or glucose solution as raw material, in the presence of alumina catalyst with nitric acid - sulfuric acid oxidation reaction was oxalate. Nitrogen oxide emissions are generated to send absorber recovery of dilute nitric acid.
3. Carbonylation synthesis of carbon monoxide by purified to 90% or more, in the presence of palladium catalyst and butanol occurred carbonylation reaction of dibutyl oxalate, and then oxalic acid hydrolysis, this method is divided into two kinds of liquid phase and gas law , the lower gas-phase reaction conditions, the reaction pressure of 300-400kPa. The liquid phase reaction pressure of 13.0-15.0MPa.
4. Glycol oxidation to ethylene glycol as raw materials in the presence of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, derived by air oxidation.
5. Propylene oxidation of a two-step oxidation process. The first step with nitric acid oxidation, so that conversion of propylene to

oxalic acid 99.6% :the content or the model is more than 99.6%
crystallize and powdery
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